Ophthalmology

Michael Kettle graduated from the University of Cambridge Veterinary School in 1996 and has
many years of experience in small animal practice. In 2023 he gained the Certificate in
Veterinary Ophthalmology, further developing his expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of eye
conditions in dogs and cats.
Michael offers dedicated ophthalmology consultations at Minster Veterinary Centre, providing
thorough assessment and management of a wide range of ocular conditions. These include
common problems such as red or painful eyes, corneal ulcers, dry eye, eyelid abnormalities and
cataracts, as well as more complex or chronic eye disease.

Our ophthalmology service at Minster Veterinary Centre provides diagnosis and treatment for a
wide range of eye conditions affecting dogs and cats. Early examination is important for many
eye problems, as prompt treatment can prevent discomfort and protect vision.
Some of the common conditions we investigate and manage include:

Eyelid abnormalities
Problems with eyelid structure or eyelash growth can cause irritation, pain and corneal damage.
These include conditions such as entropion (inward rolling eyelids), ectropion (outward turning
eyelids), distichiasis and ectopic cilia (abnormally positioned eyelashes), as well as eyelid
injuries and trauma.

Corneal ulceration

Ulcers of the cornea (the clear surface of the eye) are a common cause of a painful red eye.
These can develop following trauma, infection or underlying eye disease. Careful examination
allows appropriate treatment and monitoring to support healing and protect the eye.

Dry eye (Keratoconjunctivitis sicca)
Dry eye occurs when the eye does not produce enough tears, leading to inflammation, discharge
and discomfort. Diagnosis involves specific tear tests, and long-term medical management can
usually control the condition effectively.

Glaucoma assessment
Glaucoma is a serious condition involving increased pressure within the eye that can threaten
vision. Diagnosis includes measurement of intraocular pressure and specialised testing such as
gonioscopy to evaluate the eye’s drainage angle.

Retinal disease
Diseases affecting the retina can lead to reduced vision or blindness. Ophthalmic examination
allows identification of retinal abnormalities and helps guide further investigation, management
and advice for pet owners.

Eye problems in pets can develop quickly and may cause significant discomfort or affect vision
if not treated promptly. If you notice any changes in your pet’s eyes, it is always best to seek
veterinary advice as early as possible.
Your pet should be examined if you notice any of the following signs:

Red or inflamed eyes

Persistent redness can indicate irritation, infection, corneal injury, or other underlying eye
disease.

Squinting or signs of pain

If your pet is squinting, keeping the eye closed, or rubbing at the face, this may indicate a painful
eye condition such as a corneal ulcer.

Discharge from the eye

Thick, yellow, green or excessive watery discharge may suggest infection, dry eye, or
inflammation.

Cloudiness or a change in eye colour

Any sudden change in the appearance of the eye, including a blue, white or cloudy appearance,
should be checked promptly.

Swelling of the eyelids or trauma to the eye

Eye injuries can occur during play, walks, or accidents and should always be assessed as soon as
possible.

Changes in vision

Bumping into objects, reluctance to move in dim light, or difficulty finding toys or food may
indicate reduced vision or retinal disease.

Chronic or recurring eye problems

Pets with repeated eye infections, ongoing discharge, or known eyelid abnormalities may benefit
from a more detailed ophthalmic examination.

Early diagnosis and treatment can make a significant difference in both comfort and long-term
vision. If you are concerned about your pet’s eyes, your usual vet may recommend an
ophthalmic consultation at Minster Veterinary Centre for a more detailed assessment.